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Lloyd Ralston Fredendall (December 28, 1883 – October 4, 1963) was an American general during World War II. He is best known for his command of the Central Task Force landings during Operation Torch, and his command of the US II Corps during the early stages of the Tunisia Campaign. In February 1943, while in command of II Corps, his forces were defeated by forces commanded by German Field Marshal Erwin Rommel and Generaloberst Hans-Jürgen von Arnim in the Battle of the Kasserine Pass. After this setback, Fredendall was relieved of command of II Corps by Dwight D. Eisenhower and replaced by George S. Patton in March 1943. In spite of his relief, Fredendall was promoted to lieutenant general in June 1943, assumed command of Second United States Army and was greeted back home as a hero.〔(Biography from Arlington National Cemetery - Lloyd Fredendall )〕 ==Early life and career== Lloyd Ralston Fredendall was born on December 28, 1883, at Fort Warren near Cheyenne, Wyoming. His father, Ira Livingston Fredendall (December 7, 1846 – February 6, 1935) was on active duty in the U.S. Army when Lloyd was born. Ira became sheriff of the town of Laramie before receiving a commission in the Quartermaster Corps during the Spanish–American War. As a result of his father's connections in the service and with local and state politicians, Fredendall secured an appointment from Wyoming Senator Francis E. Warren to enter the class of 1905 at the U.S. Military Academy at West Point, New York. Fredendall's mother Eveline (Evelyn) McKussick (August 19, 1860-October 1930), a domineering woman, accompanied the newly listed plebe to Highland Falls, New York. Described by a classmate as "a very soldierly little fellow, but extremely goaty in mathematics," Lloyd performed poorly in the latter subject as well as general deportment, and as a result was dismissed from the Academy after just one semester. His mother successfully persuaded Sen. Warren to appoint him the next year, but he dropped out again. Although the senator was still willing to nominate him for a third attempt, this time the senator's offer was declined by the Academy. Undaunted, Fredendall took the officer's qualifying exam in 1906 while attending the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, scoring first out of 70 applicants. On February 13, 1907, Fredendall received his commission in the Regular Army as a second lieutenant in the infantry.〔 After service in the Philippines and other overseas and stateside assignments, Fredendall shipped out to France with the 28th Infantry Regiment in August 1917, where he held a succession of assignments in the Army's overseas schools. He soon built a record as an excellent teacher, trainer and administrator of troops, ending the war as a temporary lieutenant colonel. However, as with other officers who later became prominent in World War II, such as Marshall, Eisenhower, Bradley, and McNair, Fredendall never actually led troops in combat against enemy opposition.〔 The end of World War I saw Fredendall assigned, like many other Army officers, to a variety of staff and training duties. He was both instructor and student at the Infantry School, was a 1923 distinguished graduate (placing 31 out of 151) of the Command and General Staff School (CGSS), and in 1925, he graduated the Army War College. He also completed tours of duty in Washington at the Statistics Branch, the Inspector General's Department (September 1934 to March 1936) and as Executive Officer, Office of the Chief of Infantry. These postings led to important contacts that later greatly affected his career.〔 In December 1939, Fredendall was promoted to brigadier general, serving with the 5th Infantry Division. In October 1940, he was promoted to major general, and given command of the 4th Infantry Division from that date until July 1941. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Lloyd Fredendall」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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